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1 Michael Goldberg, Ed., "Introduction," Against the Grain, New Approaches to Professional Ethics (Valley Forge, PA: Trinity Press International, 1993), pp. 10-11.

2 Mark Fitzgerald, Todd Shields and Joe Strupp, "Creed vs. Greed: Harris reports from the front,"Editor & Publisher, April 9, 20001, pp. 7-8. A full text of Harris’ remarks were posted Apr. 8, 2001 on the Poynter Institute website: wysiwyg://5/http://www.poynter.org/centerpiece/harris.htm

3 Ibid., p. 7.

4 Rem Rieder, "A Sacred Profession?" American Journalism Review, May 2001, p. 6.

5 CF 2, p. 8.

6 Tony Ridder, "A New Knight Ridder," May 14, 2001, p. l4. An extended presentation by Ridder, entitled "Mercury News Will Remain Strong in Hard Times, was posted on Apr. 11, 2001 on the Poynter Institute Website at wysiwyg://6/http://poynter.org/offthenews/ridder.htm.

7 Lucia Moses, "Poynter Seeks Cutting Remarks," Editor & Publisher, Apr. 30, 2001, p. 45.

8 Geneva Overholser, "Widening the Conversation," Columbia Journalism Review, May/June 2001, pp. 21-22.

9 Ibid., "Profit Pressures, A Question of Margins," pp. 18-19.

10 Greg Mitchell, "Poll finds Profits Rule, Most publishers and editors feel margins in error, and fear negative impact on industry," Editor & Publisher, Apr. 9, 2001, pp. 16-17.

11 Frank Blethen, "It’s Going to Get Worse," Columbia Journalism Review, May/June 2001, p. 23.

12 Thomas Kunkel, "Mr. Roberts’ Project," American Journalism Review, May 2001, p. 4.

13 See the "Introduction" and "Acknowledgments" in The Elements of Journalism at pp. 9-14 and pp. 195-196, respectively.

14 Book Review by Carl S. Stepp, American Journalism Review, May 2001, p. 68.

15 Stephen Lacy and Hugh J. Martin, "Profits up, circulation down for Thomson papers in 80s," Newspaper Research Journal, Summer 1998, v 19 i3 p63(1).

16 Philip Meyer, Chapter 13, "An Ethical Audit," Ethical Journalism (New York: Longman, 1987).